Hydrometallurgy versus pyrometallurgy pyrometallurgy. Metallurgy the extraction of metals from their ores, heat treatments and the production of alloys. Each extractive situation must be assessed on its own merits by the consideration of such factors as capital and operating costs and the environmental impact. Both hydrometallurgy and pyrometallurgy are conducive to the rapid and efficient attainment of metal mixtures, resulting from high temperatures and highly acidic or alkaline conditions, respectively aarabikarasgani et al. It involoves the precipitation of metal in an aqueous. Copper production technology the last boomin technological innovation for the copper industry occurred in the first two decades of this century, whenopen pit mining, flo tation concentration,and the reverberatory smelter were adapted to porphyry copper ores. After sedimentation in thickeners and filtration in automatic filter presses or vacuum filters ceramic disk the typical copper concentrate contains 25 35 % cu and about 8. At tconst there are 422 degrees of freedom fix po 2, vary fesio 2 study the effect of cao at constant amount of cao in the slag. Energy crops and biogeneous residues offer the highest potential for future growth in biomass utilization. Abstract for more than 10 years, a revival of the interest for the partitioning of high active nuclear wastes. Electromagnetic forming metal cap a figure 2 sealing ring fieldshaper, ceramic tube b figure 3 contactless assembly of a dc motor stator the assembly of maintenancefree ball joints and. In metal extraction, a vast majority of metallurgical reactions are made to take place at elevated temperatures because than the ore compounds become relatively unstable, facilitating the release of the metal.
Content introduction process stages leaching solution concentration and purification metal recovery hydrometallurgy versus pyrometallurgy conclusion references 2. Slide 7, 8 smelting is the most common of pyrometallurgical operations. Extractive metallurgy 2 focuses on pyrometallurgical, hydrometallurgical, halide and electrometallurgical conversion processes. Theyll give your presentations a professional, memorable appearance the kind of sophisticated look that todays audiences expect. Processing techniques that complement hydrometallurgy are pyrometallurgy, vapour metallurgy, and molten salt electrometallurgy. Pyrometallurgy is a branch of extractive metallurgy. In pyrometallurgy, metals are extracted by converting sulfides into oxides and then reducing oxides into metals, using carbon or carbon monoxide as reducing. This is the basis of pyrometallurgy, electrometallurgy, the dissociation or in decomposition of a compound in solution i.
It involves the smelting, converting and refining of metal concentrate. Pyrometallurgical treatment may produce products able to be sold such as pure metals, or intermediate compounds or alloys, suitable as feed for. Balaz slovak academy of sciences, slovakia extractive metallurgy of activated minerals 2000, hardbound, 290 pages isbn. Use add reply to replyparticipate in a topicdiscussion most frequent. Pyrometallurgy the science and technology of hightemperature metallurgical processes. Hydrometallurgy, extraction of metal from ore by preparing an aqueous solution of a salt of the metal and recovering the metal from the solution. Principles of extractive metallurgy, volume 2 hydrometallurgy by fathi habashi chinese translation ti qu yie jin yuan li, volume 2 307 pages. Pyrometallurgy, hydrometallurgy, and bioleaching are the methods widely used for metal recovery from solid waste. You will have learned about roasting of sulfide minerals.
Using add reply allows you to attach images or pdf files and provide a more complete input. Hydrometallurgical process development for complex ores. Readers are advised to keep in mind that statements, data, illustrations, procedural details or other items may. Lecture notes physical metallurgy materials science. Ppt extraction metallurgy powerpoint presentation free. Recovery of base metals and pgms in a dc alloysmelting. Learning objectives fuel and ore preparation upon completion of this chapter. Ilschne swiss federal institute of technology, switzerland. To develop computational and mathematical abilities. Learning objectives of the course knowledge of various techniques, unit process and operations used in metal extraction and refining. Roasting, or heating in air without fusion, transforms sulfide ores into oxides, the sulfur escaping as sulfur dioxide, a gas. Each extractive situation must be assessed on its own merits by the consideration of such factors as capital and operating costs and the. Both existing operations and new projects realize they must recognize and address the issues, or doom themselves to decline and ultimate failure. Nevertheless, author and publisher do not warrant the information contained therein to be free of errors.
Stages of hydrometallurgical processes linkedin slideshare. Forsyth, dealt with the use of south africas lowgrade chromite ores in the direct production of stainless. The recycling process can be carried out with or without the presence of a reducing agent usually carbon based. Pyrometallurgy furnace heat is used with a reducing agent iron uses coke and a flux to produce metal and slag waste. Especially in hydrometallurgy, the coordination chemistry of the metals involved plays a large role in their solubility and reactivity as the ore is refined into precious metal. Flemings massachusetts institute of technology, m, usa b. The book describes systematically the thermal processes for the extraction of metals from their ores and their refining in a pure form. Hydrometallurgy leaching dissolves ore in a solvent and then electrolysis is used to separate the metal. In order to avoid the use of a reducing agent, the total pressure of the system must be about 10 4 bar to enable the decomposition of cdo at 850900 c producing cd vapour espinosa and tenorio, 2004 if the process is carried out with the aid of a reducing agent, the. These reactions involve numerous different solids, liquids, and gases, and are carried out using many diverse types of furnaces.
Pyrometallurgy free download as powerpoint presentation. The first published paper2 in this field, written by r. General principles of production of metals by pyrometallurgy. Reliable prediction of their combustion characteristics and in particular of their ash behavior is essential for plant.
The most important operations are roasting, smelting, and refining. Oxides and pyrometallurgy 3 montreal losses of cu into slag distribution of minor elements, pb and zn, among matte, slag and cu chemical system. Pyrometallurgy, or the use of heat for the treatment, includes smelting and roasting. Pyrometallurgy article about pyrometallurgy by the free. Extractive metallurgy 3 deals with the industrial processing operations, technologies, and process routes, in other words the sequence of. Overall, market conditions still exhibit cyclical phases, but new, emerging influences, most notably china, have. For a given oxide mo to be smeltable, the temperature must be high enough that reaction \\ref2.
Extractive metallurgy introduction to pyrometallurgy extractive metallurgy the choice of extraction process. The field of extractive metallurgy encompasses many specialty subdisciplines, including mineral processing, hydrometallurgy, pyrometallurgy, and electrometallurgy. Challenges the nonferrous industry continues to change in many ways. It consists of the thermal treatment of minerals and metallurgical ores and concentrates to bring about physical and chemical transformations in the materials to enable recovery of valuable metals.
With the exception of leachingsolvent extractionelectrowinning, the basic methods. The operations usually involved are leaching, or dissolution of the metal or metal compound in water, commonly with additional agents. Some lectures were also accompanied by handouts containing images from textbooks and other sources. Download fulltext pdf hydrometallurgy article pdf available in metals open access metallurgy journal 65. Chiranjib kumar gupta bhabha atomic research centre materials group mumbai 400085 india this book was carefully produced. You will have learned about drying and calcination of limestone. Pyrometallurgy copper casting metalworking free 30. Traditional forestgrown wood types, along with their consistent combustion characteristics, will thus be replaced by fuels with highly heterogeneous composition. To find out more, please visit the preparation section below. To apply the fundamental knowledge for design of a reactor and process flow sheets. Schematic presentation of processingstructurepropertiesperformance interrelationship of advanced materials. A plot of the temperature dependences of the free energies of these reactions, superimposed on similar plots for the oxygen removal reactions \\ref2. Pyrometallurgy, extraction and purification of metals by processes involving the application of heat. You will have learned about the types of fuels used in pyrometallurgical processes and their production.
Hydrometallurgical process development for complex ores and concentrates david dreisinger university of british columbia department of materials engineering 3096350 stores road vancouver, b. Charge calculations are carried out prior to operating a metallurgical process to determine the quantity of each type of raw material fed to the furnace in order to obtain the desired quantity of products. These citations are provided at the end of the page for further reading. Electrometallurgy is the process of obtaining metals through electrolysis. Pyrometallurgy deals with the methods of extraction of metals from their ores and their refining and is based on physical and chemical changes. Stages of hydrometallurgical processes supervisor dr. View pyrometallurgy ppts online, safely and virusfree. Worlds best powerpoint templates crystalgraphics offers more powerpoint templates than anyone else in the world, with over 4 million to choose from. Charge calculations in pyrometallurgical processes. Pyrometallurgy employs high temperatures to carry out smelting and refining operations to.
Application of chemical equilibrium calculations for the. Hydrometallurgy is a technique within the field of extractive metallurgy, the obtaining of metals from their ores. The pyrometallurgy material was the first complete4course and has been the most extensively used in the test program. Pyrometallurgy is a traditional technology for recovery of nonferrous metals as well as precious. Patents available as pdf files, 120 kb to 1600 kb 2007 metal vapour condensation and liquid metal withdrawal 20075597 afs schoukens, tr curr, m abdellatif, rm whyte. Hydrometallurgy involve the use of aqueous solutions for the recovery of metals from ores, concentrates, and recycled or residual materials. Only when your paper is at the revision stage, will you be requested to put your paper in to a correct format for acceptance and provide the items required for the publication of your article. Buschow university of amsterdam, the netherlands r.
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